A randomized clinical trial published in JAMA has found that apheresis platelets stored at 4°C for up to 21 days are as safe and effective as platelets stored at room temperature for up to seven days in the treatment of bleeding during complex cardiac surgery.
The study was co-authored by Dr. James Preuss and Dr. Warren Pavey from The University of Western Australia's Medical School, alongside lead author Philip C. Spinella and colleagues.
Since the 1970s, room-temperature storage has been the standard because platelets stored this way survive longer in the bloodstream after transfusion. However, room-temperature platelets must be discarded after seven days due to the risk of bacterial contamination.
This short shelf life limits platelet availability to major city centers, creating supply challenges across Australia's large geographic distances and dispersed population.
The trial compared hemostatic efficacy between cold-stored platelets kept for up to 21 days and room-temperature platelets stored for up to seven days.
Researchers found no significant difference in bleeding-related outcomes between the two groups following complex cardiac surgery.
Complication rates, including thrombotic complications, were also similar between patients receiving cold-stored and room-temperature platelets.
Extending the storage window from seven to 21 days could reduce platelet wastage and help maintain a more reliable supply, particularly in regions distant from major collection centers.
Researchers find cold storage platelets safe and effective
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